Some 50 Chabad Hassidim were detained upon their arrival at Ben-Gurion Airport from New York on Tuesday morning on suspicion of draft evasion.
The Hassidim had returned from a year of studying abroad in New York's 770 World Headquarters.
The IDF, which had advance notice of their arrival, confiscated the passports of several youths and detained a large number of deserters.
Dozens of the detained have reportedly already been released, while a number of others have been transferred into military custody.
Those who remained in custody were loaded onto a bus and transported to the IDF recruitment center at Tel Hashomer to face trial.
Ultimatum: Enlist or be sentenced
According to Army Radio, detainees will be given the option to immediately enlist at the recruitment center in exchange for a suspended sentence. Those who refuse will be tried and sent to military prison.
The IDF has prepared for the likelihood of protests by haredi factions around the Tel Hashomer base and Kfar Yona prison, having alerted the Israel Police in expectation of mass demonstrations.
IDF soldiers and haredim have clashed multiple times this year at protests outside of military prisons.
Most recently, hundreds of ultra-Orthodox children from Breslov schools were brought to protest outside Military Prison 10 following the arrest of draft dodgers at Ben-Gurion Airport.